There are so many glass boils, why choose borosilicate glass?

More than 3000 years ago, a European Phoenician merchant ship loaded with crystal mineral "natural soda" sailed on the Beirut River on the Mediterranean coast.

European Phoenician merchant ship

The sea was falling, the merchant ships were stranded, and the crew boarded the beach. The sea was sinking, the merchant ship ran aground, and the crew boarded the beach.
Some crew members picked up the cauldron, moved the firewood, and used several pieces of "natural soda water" as the cauldron rack to cook on the beach. When the tide began to rise and the embarkation tool was ready to continue its voyage, it suddenly found something bright and shiny on the sand under the pot.

　 That is the glass.

Sand is a silicon-based material that combines with a base to become the original glass. The Phoenicians used a special stove to melt quartz sand and natural soda to produce glass balls, which were early glass products. Sand is a silicon based material that combines with the substrate to form the original glass. Phoenicians used a special furnace to melt quartz sand and natural soda water to produce glass balls, which were early glass products.
Limited to the industrial level at that time, glass was still an expensive existence. Nowadays, glass has become a very common material, which can be seen everywhere in daily life.
In my life, I may have heard that borosilicate glass is better than ordinary glass. What kind of glass is borosilicate glass, and where is it?

High borosilicate glass

Raw material composition: borosilicate glass contains boron trioxide and silicon dioxide, the content of which is equivalent to that of ordinary glass, with boron content up to 14% and silicon content up to 80%. Ordinary flat glass contains about 70% silicon, ordinary glass generally does not contain boron, but sometimes only 1% is added.
Glass characteristics: High borosilicate glass has low expansion coefficient, high softening point, fast cooling and fast heating resistance. Its expansion coefficient is about 32~33 * 10 (- 7), and that of ordinary glass is about 80-100 * 10 (- 8); The quenching resistance and heat resistance are about 200~300 ℃.
Because of its heat resistance and resistance to transient temperature difference, borosilicate glass uses high borosilicate materials to replace harmful heavy metal ions such as lead and zinc in "green glass", so its brittleness and weight are far less than its life. Common "raw glass".
It not only ensures no cracking in the case of sudden temperature difference, but also is lighter than the "green glass" containing a lot of heavy metal ions, which looks different from ordinary glass. From the visual point of view, it gets rid of the hard and fragile feeling of "raw glass", looks more exquisite, and has a feeling of brilliance.